History of industrial revolutions
Talking about the industrial revolution refers to the great change it brings in the fields of economy, culture, and society. Looking back on history, people have experienced many major scientific and technical revolutions. Each revolution is characterized by a change in the nature of production and this change is caused by breakthroughs in science and technology. Apple history through photos: Steve Jobs – from co-founder to the right to leave
First industrial revolution
The first industrial revolution in the world began in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, beginning with the mechanization of the textile industry. At that time, the textile factories had to put near the river to take advantage of the flowing water, which caused inconvenience in many ways.
In 1784, James Watt assistant researcher of a university invented a steam engine. Thanks to this invention, textile factories can place anywhere. This invention is considered a landmark in the process of mechanization. In 1785, Father Edmund Cartwright produced an important invention in the textile industry as a textile machine. This machine has increased textile productivity by up to 40 times.
During this time, the metallurgical industry also made great strides. In 1784, Henry Cort found a way to train iron “puddling”. Although Henry Cort’s method has improved iron, it still does not meet the durability requirements of machines. In 1885, Henry Bessemer invented a blast furnace capable of smelting liquid iron into steel, overcoming the disadvantages of the previous machine.
The movement of the transport sector was marked by the birth of the first steam powered locomotive in 1804. By 1829, the speed of the train was 14 miles per hour. This success has triggered a railway system in Europe and the United States. In 1807, Robert Fulton built a steamboat to replace paddles or sails.
Second industrial revolution
The second industrial revolution was initiated in the late nineteenth century, which lasted until the beginning of the 20th century. One of the remarkable features in the industry is the mass production line – applying the principle admin of FWTaylor (proposed in 1909, applied in 1913 practice – Ford pioneered).
Scientists have made great inventions about new production tools: computers, automatic machines and automatic, robotics and automatic control systems. The inventors of this period also studied and created new materials such as polymer with high strength and heat resistance, widely used in life, and in industries.
During this time, new and abundant sources of new energy such as atomic energy, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy … were also found to replace the old energy source. Miraculous advances in transportation and communications such as giant supersonic aircraft, high-speed trains and communications, radio transmissions via artificial satellite systems, but Miraculous achievements in the field of conquering the universe as successfully launched the first artificial satellite of the earth, flying into space and setting foot on the moon are the achievements into the history of the industrial revolution. these two.
Besides, the green revolution in agriculture with leaps and bounds in mechanization, irrigation, breeding methods, pest control … help many countries overcome food shortages, starvation. prolonged.
Industrial revolution for the third time
The third industrial revolution took place in the 1970s with the introduction of automated production based on computers, electronic devices and the Internet, creating a connected world.
The Third Industrial Revolution took place when there were advances in electronic, computer and digital infrastructure because it was catalyzed by the development of semiconductors, supercomputers (1960s), computers individuals (1970s and 1980s) and the Internet (1990s).
By the end of the 20th century, this process was basically accomplished by high-tech scientific achievements. Satellite, airplane, computer, phone, Internet … are the current technologies we enjoy from this revolution.
The fourth technology revolution
In 2013, a new keyword “Industry 4.0” began to emerge from a German government report referring to this term to refer to the high-tech strategy of computing the manufacturing industry without need human participation. This is called digital revolution, through technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), virtual reality interaction (AR), social networking, cloud computing, mobile, big data analysis (SMAC) … to transform the entire real world into a digital world.
The fourth industrial revolution has a strong impact on many fields, with the emergence of robots with artificial intelligence that bring many applications in society. Thanks to AI technology, the working robots are more intelligent, able to memorize and learn infinitely, while the ability of people is getting older, don’t strong.
In the field of Transportation, the unmanned vehicle generation will grow thanks to many times higher safety because there is no drunkenness, red lights, fast launches.
In August 2016, an American man who was using Tesla’s self-driving car had symptoms of chest pain. He promptly contacted his wife to call the hospital to tell the doctor to wait for him to arrive and ordered the car to move to the hospital. Doctors have given emergency help, saving this man’s life.
In the field of Health, the IBM Watson machine nicknamed the “Knowing Doctor” can browse millions of medical records at the same time to provide doctors with evidence-based treatment options within seconds thanks to the ability to synthesize huge data and powerful processing speed. This “plucking doctor” also allows people to look up information about their health. Doctors only need to enter patient data to be analyzed, compared with the huge data warehouse available and give suggestions for precise treatment.
In the field of Education, virtual reality technology will change the way of teaching and learning. Students can wear VR glasses and feel like sitting in class to listen to lectures, or role-playing to witness simulated battles, see relics, bring deep feelings and memorization, help with lessons Learn more. Or when pilot training, students wear glasses and see the front is a cabin and learn to fly like a real plane to practice to help minimize risks during real flight. In the future, the number of virtual teachers may be much higher than that of real teachers.
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